So it is the king's duty to see that his citizens are becoming God conscious. That is king's duty. First of all father's duty, spiritual master's duty, ultimately, king's duty. King's, king's duty. Therefore it is said, dharmeṇa, cakāra rājyaṁ dharmeṇa. Dharmeṇa means "by religious principles." What is that religious principle? Religious principle means to guide everyone to become God conscious. This is religious principle. Dharmeṇa. Therefore varṇāśrama-dharma. In the Vedic culture the varṇas and āśrama, they are accepted as dharma. Dharma means duty which you must execute. That is called dharma. Compulsory. If you don't do it, then you will suffer. Dharmaṁ tu sākṣād bhagavat-praṇītam (SB 6.3.19). And wherefrom this dharma comes? It comes from Bhagavān, God. He gives these dharmas. And the king, the spiritual master, being representative of God, it is their duty how to guide people to develop that God consciousness. This is called human civilization, dharmeṇa.
So it is the king's duty to observe his dharma, Kṣatriya. Kṣatriya's duty is to give protection to the citizens, security of life and property, and guide them gradually to develop Kṛṣṇa consciousness. This is Kṣatriya's duty. Brāhmin's duty is to guide the Kṣatriyas whether he is actually executing his duty according to śāstra. That is Brāhmin's duty. Brāhmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, Śūdra. Similarly, Vaiśya's duty is to see economic development of the state, and the Śūdra's duty—because Śūdra means fourth-class men; they have no intelligence—therefore their duty is to serve the three higher classes, Brāhmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya. This is the system. Cātur-varṇyaṁ mayā sṛṣṭaṁ guṇa-karma-vibhāgaśaḥ (BG 4.13). According to quality and work—Brāhmin's quality and Brāhmin's work; Kṣatriya's quality and Kṣatriya's work; Vaiśya's quality and Vaiśya's work.
Quality means education, culture. Just like a medical practitioner: when he passes his examination in the medical college, that is his quality. Or a lawyer, when he passes his examination in the university, that is his quality. But simply by passing the examination, if he sits down at home, then he cannot be called a medical practitioner. He must work as a medical man. He'll not only . . .